The Theory of Evolution
The theory of evolution is based on the fact certain traits are transmitted more often than others. These traits make it easier for individuals to survive and reproduce, so they tend to increase in numbers over time.
Scientists have a better understanding of how this process operates. For example an examination of the clawed frog showed that duplicate genes frequently result in different functions.
Evolution is a natural process
Natural selection is the process that leads to organisms changing to be better adjusted to the environment they live in. It is one of the major processes of evolution that is accompanied by mutations, migrations, and genetic drift. People with traits that aid in survival and reproduction are more likely to pass these characteristics to their children, which results in gradual changes in gene frequency over time. This results in the creation of new species as well as the transformation of existing species.
In the 19th century, Charles Darwin formulated a scientific theory that explained how biological organisms changed over time. The theory is based upon the notion that more offspring than are able to be able to survive are born and that these offspring compete for resources in their environments. This leads to an "evolutionary struggle" where those with the most desirable traits prevail and others are eliminated. The offspring who survive carry these traits to their children. This gives them an advantage over the other species. Over time, the population of organisms that have these traits increases.
It is difficult to see how natural selection could generate new traits when its primary purpose is to eliminate people who aren't fit. Additionally, the majority of types of natural selection reduce genetic variation within populations. As a result, it is unlikely that natural selection can produce the emergence of new traits unless other forces are in play.
Mutation, genetic drift and migration are the main forces of evolution that alter gene frequencies and lead to evolution. These processes are accelerated by sexual reproduction and the fact that each parent gives half of its genes to their offspring. These genes are known as alleles, and they may have different frequencies among individuals belonging to the same species. The frequencies of the alleles that result determine whether the trait is dominant or recessive.
A mutation is merely a change to the DNA code of an organism. The mutation causes some cells to grow and develop into a distinct organism, while others don't. Mutations can also increase the frequency of the existing alleles or create new alleles. The new alleles are then passed on to the next generation and eventually become dominant phenotypes.
Natural selection is the foundation of evolution
Natural selection is an easy mechanism that changes populations of living organisms over time. It is the result of heritable phenotypic variations and differential reproduction. These factors create a situation in which individuals with beneficial traits survive and reproduce more often than those without them. Over time this process results in an alteration in the gene pool, thereby making it more closely aligned with the environment in which they reside. Darwin's "survival-of-the best" is based on this concept.
This is based on the notion that different traits enable individuals to adapt to their environment. People with adaptable traits are more likely to live and reproduce, and therefore produce a lot of offspring. BioMed Central states that this will eventually lead to the trait spread throughout the population. In the end everyone in the population will be affected and the population will change. This is referred to as evolution.
Going On this page with less adaptive characteristics will die off or be unable to produce offspring and their genes will not be passed on to future generations. As time passes, genetically modified organisms will rule the population and evolve into new species. However, this is not a guaranteed process. The environment can change suddenly, making the adaptations obsolete.
Sexual selection is another factor that influences evolution. Certain traits are more desirable because they increase the odds of a person mating with someone else. This can result in bizarre phenotypes, such as brightly colored feathers in birds, or the massive antlers of deer. These phenotypes aren't necessarily beneficial to the organism however they can enhance its chances of survival and reproduction.
Some students also misunderstand natural evolution due to confusion it with "soft inheritance". Soft inheritance isn't necessary to evolve, but it is usually a key element. This is because soft inheritance allows for random modification of DNA, as well as the creation of genetic variants that aren't immediately useful to an organism. These mutations are later utilized as raw materials by natural selection.
Genetics is the basis of evolution
Evolution is a natural process of changes in the traits inherited of a species over time. It is based on a number of factors, including mutation in gene flow, genetic drift, and horizontal gene transfer. The relative frequency of alleles within a group can also affect the evolution. This allows for the selection of a trait that is advantageous in a new environment. The theory of evolution is an essential concept in biology, and has profound implications for the understanding of life on Earth.
Darwin's ideas, combined with Linnaeus concepts of relational ties and Lamarck's theories on inheritance, revolutionized the view of how traits are passed down from parent to offspring. Darwin suggested that parents passed on traits that they inherited by their choice or lack of use, but they were also either favored or disfavored by the environment they lived in, and passed this information on to their children. Darwin called this natural selection and in his book The Origin of Species he explained how this could lead the development of new types of species.
Genetic changes, also known as mutations, occur randomly in the DNA of cells. These mutations cause many traits, such as the color of eyes and hair. They may also be affected by environmental factors. Certain phenotypic traits can be controlled by multiple genes, and some possess more than two alleles, like blood type (A B, A or O). The combination of Darwinian theories of evolution with Mendel's theories about genetics is referred to as the Modern Synthesis, and it is the framework that connects macroevolutionary changes in the fossil record with microevolutionary processes like genetic mutation and trait selection.
Macroevolution is a process which takes a very long time and can only be seen in the fossil record. Microevolution is, on the other hand is a process which is much more rapid and can be observed in living organisms. Microevolution is triggered by genetic mutation and selection, which act on a smaller scale than macroevolution, and can be increased by other mechanisms like gene flow and horizontal gene transfer.
Evolution is based on chance
The fact that evolution happens through chance is a claim that has long been used by anti-evolutionists. However, this argument is flawed and it is important to understand the reason. The argument confuses randomness and contingency. This is an error that originates from a misreading the nature of biological contingency, as described by Stephen Jay Gould. He argued that genetic information doesn't grow in a random manner, but is influenced by past events. He relied on the fact that DNA is a copy of DNA, which themselves depend on other molecules. All biological processes follow the same causal sequence.
The argument is also flawed due to its reliance on the laws of physics and the application of science. These statements are not only not logically sound, but also incorrect. Moreover the science of practice requires a causal determinism which isn't enough to account for all natural events.
Brendan Sweetman's book is an attempt to give a balanced and readable introduction to the relationship of evolutionary theory with Christian theism. He is not a flamboyant author, but a patient one, which fits his goals, which include detaching the scientific status and implications for religion from evolutionary theory.
Although the book isn't quite as thorough as it could be however, it provides an excellent overview of the issues involved in this debate. It also clarifies that evolutionary theory is a well-established scientific theory, widely accepted by experts in the field and worthy of a rational assent. However the book is not more than persuasive when it comes to the issue of whether God plays any part in evolution.
While Pokemon that are traded with other trainers cannot be evolved at no cost, trading is an excellent method to save Candy and time. The cost of evolving certain Pokemon using the traditional method, such as Feebas, is reduced by trading them with other players. This is particularly beneficial for high-level Pokemon, which require a lot of Candy to evolve.